Genome and Hormones: Gender Differences in Physiology Invited Review: Sex-based differences in gene expression
نویسنده
چکیده
Ostrer, Harry Invited Review: Sex-based differences in gene expression. J Appl Physiol 91: 2384–2388, 2001.—Certain diseases are more prevalent among women than men. The reasons for this increased prevalence are unknown, but there could be a genetic basis. Increased expression of X-linked genes in females, protective effects of Y-linked genes in males, or sex-limited gene expression that is developmentally or hormonally regulated could all account for these differences. Analysis of individuals with and without genetic sex reversal provides a means for distinguishing between genetic and hormonal causes. This can be complemented by genetic linkage and gene expression profiling to aid in the identification of candidate genes.
منابع مشابه
Study of sex differences in the expression of β-actin gene in various tissues of the rat
Introduction: Beta-actin is a housekeeping gene, which is used as an internal standard in various biological studies. Recently, it was reported that the expression of commonly used housekeeping genes including ß–actin changes in disease states or under certain experimental conditions. Based on the reports about the effects of sex hormones on the expression of the ß- actin gene, in this study...
متن کاملGenome and Hormones: Gender Differences in Physiology Invited Review: Pharmacogenetics of estrogen replacement therapy
Herrington, David M., and Karen Potvin Klein. Pharmacogenetics of estrogen replacement therapy. J Appl Physiol 91: 2776–2784, 2001.— There are a number of genetic factors that likely modulate both the beneficial and adverse effects of estrogen. An important domain of consideration is the relationship of estrogen and thrombosis risk. Gene polymorphisms among the key elements of the coagulation a...
متن کاملSex Differences and Role of Gonadal Hormones on Glutamate Level After Spinal Cord Injury in Rats: A Microdialysis Study
Introduction: Sex differences in outcomes of Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) suggest a sex-hormone-mediated effect on post-SCI pathological events, including glutamate excitotoxicity. This study aimed to investigate the importance of gonadal hormones on glutamate release subsequent to SCI in rats. Methods: After laminectomy at T8-T9, an electrolytic lesion was applied to the spinothalamic tracts of m...
متن کاملSex differences and role of gonadal hormones in development of tolerance to morphine analgesia and glutamate level in the nucleus accumbens of rats: A microdialysis study
Introduction: Sex differences are observed in the development of tolerance to antinociceptive effect of opioid drugs such as morphine, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Critical role of glutamate in the development and maintenance of opioid tolerance has been reported by many investigators. There are also evidences about interaction between gonadal hormones and neuromodulatory sy...
متن کاملGenome and Hormones: Gender Differences in Physiology Invited Review: Sex ratio and rheumatic disease*
Lockshin, Michael D. Invited Review: Sex ratio and rheumatic disease. J Appl Physiol 91: 2366–2373, 2001.—Human illnesses affect men and women differently. In some cases (diseases of sex organs, diseases resulting from X or Y chromosome mutations), reasons for sex discrepancy are obvious, but in other cases no reason is apparent. Explanations for sex discrepancy of illness occur at different bi...
متن کامل